Artificial intelligence in clinical diagnosis: opportunities, challenges, and hype.

Prathit A Kulkarni; Hardeep Singh

Commentary

Artificial intelligence in clinical diagnosis: opportunities, challenges, and hype.

July 19, 2023

Kulkarni PA, Singh H. JAMA. 2023;330(4):317-318.

View more articles from the same authors.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology to potentially improve care timeliness and diagnostic accuracy. This commentary provides a grounded assessment of this potential by examining clinician knowledge, physician examination skills, and health record data factors that affect the effect of AI chatbots as a tool driving diagnostic safety.

PubMed citation

Free full text

Related Resources From the Same Author(s)

Pursuit of "endpoint diagnoses" as a cognitive forcing strategy to avoid premature diagnostic closure.

December 21, 2022

Prevalence and characteristics of diagnostic error in pediatric critical care: a multicenter study.

June 14, 2023

Adherence to recommended electronic health record safety practices across eight health care organizations.

May 16, 2018

Identifying psychiatric diagnostic errors with the Safer Dx Instrument.

September 30, 2020

Why test results are still getting "lost" to follow-up: a qualitative study of implementation gaps.

May 12, 2021

A program to provide clinicians with feedback on their diagnostic performance in a learning health system.

October 28, 2020

Operational measurement of diagnostic safety: state of the science.

October 7, 2020

Developing the Safer Dx Checklist of Ten Safety Recommendations for Health Care Organizations to address diagnostic errors.

October 12, 2022

The PRIDx framework to engage payers in reducing diagnostic errors in healthcare.

November 1, 2023

Types of diagnostic errors reported by paediatric emergency providers in a global paediatric emergency care research network.

May 10, 2023

Defining diagnostic error: a scoping review to assess the impact of the National Academies' report Improving Diagnosis in Health Care.

May 25, 2022

Influence of doctor–patient conversations on behaviours of patients presenting to primary care with new or persistent symptoms: a video observation study.

August 14, 2019

Diagnostic error in the critically ill: defining the problem and exploring next steps to advance intensive care unit safety.

October 24, 2018

An intervention to improve transitions from NICU to ambulatory care: quasi-experimental study.

November 26, 2014

Crowdsourcing diagnosis for patients with undiagnosed illnesses: an evaluation of CrowdMed.

February 3, 2016

Analysis of prescribers' notes in electronic prescriptions in ambulatory practice.

March 23, 2016

Patient-initiated second opinions: systematic review of characteristics and impact on diagnosis, treatment, and satisfaction.

July 15, 2015

Exploring situational awareness in diagnostic errors in primary care.

September 21, 2011

Electronic health record-based triggers to detect potential delays in cancer diagnosis.

August 28, 2013

February 1, 2012

Characteristics and contributing factors of diagnostic error in surgery: analysis of closed medico-legal cases and complaints in Canada.

April 3, 2024

Health care provider factors associated with patient-reported adverse events and harm.

May 20, 2020

Pediatric clinician comfort discussing diagnostic errors for improving patient safety: a survey.

April 22, 2020

Patterns of nurse–physician communication and agreement on the plan of care.

June 9, 2010

Patient generated research priorities to improve diagnostic safety: a systematic prioritization exercise.

April 5, 2023

Managing interruptions to improve diagnostic decision-making: strategies and recommended research agenda.

March 29, 2023

Advancing diagnostic equity through clinician engagement, community partnerships, and connected care.

February 22, 2023

Fighting a common enemy: a catalyst to close intractable safety gaps.

August 5, 2020

Patient and physician perspectives of deprescribing potentially inappropriate medications in older adults with a history of falls: a qualitative study.

May 5, 2021

Diagnostic errors in pediatric critical care: a systematic review.

April 28, 2021

Use of patient complaints to identify diagnosis-related safety concerns: a mixed-method evaluation.

March 3, 2021

Advancing diagnostic safety research: results of a systematic research priority setting exercise.

February 24, 2021

Prolonged diagnostic intervals as marker of missed diagnostic opportunities in bladder and kidney cancer patients with alarm features: a longitudinal linked data study.

February 17, 2021

A roadmap to advance patient safety in ambulatory care.

January 20, 2021

Identifying trigger concepts to screen emergency department visits for diagnostic errors.

December 16, 2020

Bridging the feedback gap: a sociotechnical approach to informing clinicians of patients' subsequent clinical course and outcomes.

June 30, 2021

Incidence, origins and avoidable harm of missed opportunities in diagnosis: longitudinal patient record review in 21 English general practices.

June 30, 2021

Patient and clinician experiences of uncertainty in the diagnostic process: current understanding and future directions.

November 10, 2021

Dashboards for visual display of patient safety data: a systematic review.

October 27, 2021

Policies to promote shared responsibility for safer electronic health records.

September 29, 2021

Application of human factors methods to understand missed follow-up of abnormal test results.

November 11, 2020

Characteristics of disease-specific and generic diagnostic pitfalls: a qualitative study.

February 9, 2022

Technology-based closed-loop tracking for improving communication and follow-up of pathology results.

February 2, 2022

Harnessing event report data to identify diagnostic error during the COVID-19 pandemic.

December 15, 2021

Improving diagnostic performance through feedback: the Diagnosis Learning Cycle.

September 1, 2021

Validation of an electronic trigger to measure missed diagnosis of stroke in emergency departments.

August 25, 2021

Assessment of health information technology-related outpatient diagnostic delays in the US Veterans Affairs health care system: a qualitative study of aggregated root cause analysis data.

July 22, 2020

Contributing factors for pediatric ambulatory diagnostic process errors: Project RedDE.

July 15, 2020

Inviting patients to identify diagnostic concerns through structured evaluation of their online visit notes.

April 13, 2022

Frequency of diagnostic errors in the neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study.

March 23, 2022

Potentially harmful medication dispenses after a fall or hip fracture: a mixed methods study of a commonly used quality measure.

March 9, 2022

Five strategies for clinicians to advance diagnostic excellence.

March 2, 2022

Guidelines for US hospitals and clinicians on assessment of electronic health record safety using SAFER Guides.

February 16, 2022

Five strategies for a safer EHR modernization journey.

December 6, 2023

Measure Dx: implementing pathways to discover and learn from diagnostic errors.

September 28, 2022

Developing electronic clinical quality measures to assess the cancer diagnostic process.

June 21, 2023

Creating a learning health system for improving diagnostic safety: pragmatic insights from US health care organizations.

June 22, 2022

Development and usability testing of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Common Formats to capture diagnostic safety events.

May 25, 2022

Applying requisite imagination to safeguard electronic health record transitions.

May 18, 2022

Adherence to national guidelines for timeliness of test results communication to patients in the Veterans Affairs health care system.

May 4, 2022

A sociotechnical framework for safety-related electronic health record research reporting: the SAFER reporting framework.

June 24, 2020

Reducing the risk of diagnostic error in the COVID-19 era.

May 27, 2020

Diagnostic errors in the neonatal intensive care unit: state of the science and new directions.

October 23, 2019

Finding diagnostic errors in children admitted to the PICU.

February 8, 2017

Safety huddles to proactively identify and address electronic health record safety.

January 25, 2017

Assigning responsibility to close the loop on radiology test results.

July 12, 2017

Measures to improve diagnostic safety in clinical practice.

November 2, 2016

A decade of health information technology usability challenges and the path forward.

February 13, 2019

Payment innovations to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce diagnostic error.

November 7, 2018

Two decades since To Err Is Human: an assessment of progress and emerging priorities in patient safety.

November 7, 2018

Learning from patients' experiences related to diagnostic errors is essential for progress in patient safety.

November 7, 2018

Pediatric clinician perspectives on communicating diagnostic uncertainty.

August 7, 2019

Application of electronic trigger tools to identify targets for improving diagnostic safety.

October 17, 2018

Advancing the science of measurement of diagnostic errors in healthcare: the Safer Dx framework.

January 28, 2015

How context affects electronic health record–based test result follow-up: a mixed-methods evaluation.

December 3, 2014

Patient safety goals for the proposed Federal Health Information Technology Safety Center.

November 19, 2014

Ebola US Patient Zero: lessons on misdiagnosis and effective use of electronic health records.

November 5, 2014

Diagnostic errors related to acute abdominal pain in the emergency department.

November 25, 2015

Using voluntary reports from physicians to learn from diagnostic errors in emergency medicine.

November 18, 2015

Measuring and improving patient safety through health information technology: the Health IT Safety Framework.

October 14, 2015

Electronic trigger-based intervention to reduce delays in diagnostic evaluation for cancer: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

September 9, 2015

Graphical display of diagnostic test results in electronic health records: a comparison of 8 systems.

April 8, 2015

Emergency physicians' views of direct notification of laboratory and radiology results to patients using the internet: a multisite survey.

March 25, 2015

Lack of timely follow-up of abnormal imaging results and radiologists' recommendations.

February 11, 2015

Improving diagnosis in health care—the next imperative for patient safety.

November 18, 2015

Accuracy of the Safer Dx Instrument to identify diagnostic errors in primary care.

March 9, 2016

Challenges in patient safety improvement research in the era of electronic health records.

August 17, 2016

Exploring new avenues to assess the sharp end of patient safety: an analysis of nationally aggregated peer review data.

October 8, 2014

Contingency planning for electronic health record–based care continuity: a survey of recommended practices.

October 15, 2014

Electronic health record–related safety concerns: a cross-sectional survey.

August 20, 2014

The challenges in defining and measuring diagnostic error.

June 24, 2015

Evaluation of outcomes from a national patient-initiated second-opinion program.

June 24, 2015

Development and validation of electronic health record–based triggers to detect delays in follow-up of abnormal lung imaging findings.

May 27, 2015

An analysis of electronic health record–related patient safety concerns.

July 2, 2014

The frequency of diagnostic errors in outpatient care: estimations from three large observational studies involving US adult populations.

April 30, 2014

The design and conduct of Project RedDE: a cluster-randomized trial to reduce diagnostic errors in pediatric primary care.

May 15, 2019

Missed diagnosis of new-onset systolic heart failure at first presentation in children with no known heart disease.

March 6, 2019

The path to diagnostic excellence includes feedback to calibrate how clinicians think.

February 20, 2019

Essential activities for electronic health record safety: a qualitative study.

March 20, 2019

Current challenges in health information technology–related patient safety.

January 16, 2019

Related Resources

Unmasking bias in artificial intelligence: a systematic review of bias detection and mitigation strategies in electronic health record-based models.

April 17, 2024

Feeling safe in the context of digitalization in healthcare: a scoping review.

April 10, 2024

Patient Safety Research Summaries.

April 9, 2024

The limits of clinician vigilance as an AI safety bulwark.

March 27, 2024

Risk management and patient safety in the artificial intelligence era: a systematic review.

March 27, 2024

To do no harm - and the most good - with AI in health care.

March 13, 2024

Patient safety and artificial intelligence in clinical care.

March 6, 2024

Toward the eradication of medical diagnostic errors.

February 14, 2024

A text mining approach to categorize patient safety event reports by medication error type.

February 14, 2024

Grand rounds in methodology: key considerations for implementing machine learning solutions in quality improvement initiatives.

January 31, 2024

On Patient Safety.

January 13, 2024

Assessing biases in medical decisions via clinician and AI chatbot responses to patient vignettes.

November 1, 2023

Interview

In Conversation with... Cheryl Jones about Addressing Workplace Violence and Creating a Safer Workplace

October 31, 2023

Perspectives on Safety

Addressing Workplace Violence and Creating a Safer Workplace

October 31, 2023

Patient Safety Innovations

The e-Autopsy/e-Biopsy: A Systematic Chart Review to Increase Safety and Diagnostic Accuracy Innovation

August 30, 2023

A natural language processing approach to categorise contributing factors from patient safety event reports.

August 30, 2023

Reimagining Healthcare Teams: Leveraging the Patient-Clinician-AI Triad To Improve Diagnostic Safety.

August 16, 2023

Final Report on Prioritization of Patient Safety Practices for a New Rapid Review or Rapid Response. Making Healthcare Safer IV Series.

August 9, 2023

When to err is inhuman: an examination of the influence of artificial intelligence-driven nursing care on patient safety.

August 2, 2023

Sociotechnical work system approach to occupational fatigue.

July 26, 2023

Mitigating bias in AI at the point of care.

July 26, 2023

WebM&M Cases

Home Medications Contribute to a Unique Opportunity for Error on Discharge from the Hospital.

June 14, 2023

Patient Safety Innovations

Remote Response Team and Customized Alert Settings Help Improve Management of Sepsis

May 31, 2023

More than algorithms: an analysis of safety events involving ML-enabled medical devices reported to the FDA.

May 3, 2023

Interview

In Conversation with... Susan McGrath, PhD and George Blike, MD about Surveillance Monitoring

April 26, 2023

Perspective

Surveillance Monitoring to Improve Patient Safety in Acute Hospital Care Units

April 26, 2023

Understanding complexity in a safety critical setting: a systems approach to medication administration.

April 26, 2023

Perspectives on Safety

Annual Perspective

Technology as a Tool for Improving Patient Safety

March 29, 2023

Why hospitals still make serious medical errors—and how they are trying to reduce them.

March 29, 2023

Using automated methods to detect safety problems with health information technology: a scoping review.

February 8, 2023

See More About The Topic

Medicine

Nurse Care

Diagnostic Errors

Technologic Approaches

Artificial intelligence in clinical diagnosis: opportunities, challenges, and hype.

The e-Autopsy/e-Biopsy: A Systematic Chart Review to Increase Safety and Diagnostic Accuracy Innovation

Remote Response Team and Customized Alert Settings Help Improve Management of Sepsis

Connect With Us

Sign up for Email Updates

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Artificial intelligence in clinical diagnosis: opportunities, challenges, and hype.

The e-Autopsy/e-Biopsy: A Systematic Chart Review to Increase Safety and Diagnostic Accuracy Innovation

Remote Response Team and Customized Alert Settings Help Improve Management of Sepsis

Connect With Us

Sign up for Email Updates

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Submit Your Innovations

Continue as a Guest

Continue Logged In

Submit Your Innovations

Continue as a Guest

Continue logged in

New Users to the PSNet site