Complication rates, hospital size, and bias in the CMS Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program.
Koenig L, Soltoff SA, Demiralp B, et al. Complication Rates, Hospital Size, and Bias in the CMS Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program. Am J Med Qual. 2017;32(6):611-616. doi:10.1177/1062860616681840.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) decision to withhold payment for certain hospital-acquired conditions has prompted widespread efforts to prevent such events, including health care–associated infections. Prior research suggests that academic centers and safety-net hospitals may be disproportionately affected by financial penalties imposed by CMS through various pay-for-performance initiatives. In this study, investigators analyzed how hospital size affected performance in the Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program. They concluded that hospital size leads to bias when evaluating hospital performance, disproportionately penalizing larger hospitals when the expected complication rate for a particular event is low. The authors provide numerous suggestions for improving the evaluation of hospital performance within the program.