The occurrence of wrong-site surgery self-reported by candidates for certification by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery.
James MA, Seiler JG, Harrast JJ, et al. The occurrence of wrong-site surgery self-reported by candidates for certification by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012;94(1):e2(1-12). doi:10.2106/JBJS.K.00524.
This study found that wrong-site surgeries continued to occur despite adoption of "Sign Your Site" initiatives and implementation of a Universal Protocol. The most common errors reported were related to wrong-level spine surgery.