Smartphones let surgeons know WhatsApp: an analysis of communication in emergency surgical teams.
Johnston MJ, King D, Arora S, et al. Smartphones let surgeons know WhatsApp: an analysis of communication in emergency surgical teams. Am J Surg. 2015;209(1):45-51. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.08.030.
This observational study examined the use of a commercial mobile application among members of an emergency surgery team. Analysis of messages found it to be a safe and efficient method of communication that was perceived to decrease hierarchy, suggesting that technologically-enabled communication innovations may benefit safety culture.