Wide variation in hospital surgical mortality rates have been attributed to failure to rescue patients when postoperative complications occur. This study identified the clinical factors associated with unplanned transfers to the intensive care unit after surgery and found that failure to detect severity of illness was one factor related to delays in escalating care when necessary.

The clinical outcomes of trauma patients improved at Pennsylvania hospitals after the implementation of work hour regulations for residents. However, a similar improvement was also seen at trauma facilities not staffed by residents, indicating that the duty hour regulations probably were not responsible for the improved patient outcomes.

This study noted frequently inaccurate medication histories at time of admission, particularly for those patients with severe injuries. The authors advocate for the use of clinical pharmacists to review and reconcile medication histories as a patient safety strategy.