Cesarean delivery can lead to increased maternal morbidity and mortality. In this repeated cross-sectional study, physicians, nurses, and midwives were surveyed about their attitudes towards elective induction of labor before and after results were published from a large, randomized trial (Randomized Trial of Induction Versus Expectant Management, or ARRIVE) supporting elective inductions at 39 weeks to reduce the likelihood of a cesarean. Findings indicate that physician attitudes about induction shifted in favor of induction after ARRIVE, whereas nurse attitudes did not change. Qualitative analyses revealed four themes regarding attitudes towards induction- the importance of timing, identifying who should receive inductions, the need for clear protocols and more staff, and improvements to the induction of labor processes. 

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically impacted the delivery of nursing care. This retrospective analysis examined the impact of a bedside checklist and nursing-led intervention bundle (“Nursing Back to Basics” or NB2B bundle) among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at one academic hospital in New York City. The NB2B bundle, implemented with a bedside checklist, included five evidence-based interventions. Between March and April 2020, the NB2B intervention showed a 12% reduction in mortality due to COVID-19 compared with usual care.

Healthcare-acquired pressure injuries (HAPI) can result in increased lengths of stay, hospital readmissions, and lower quality of life. This article describes the experience of one hospital which, after it discovered it had higher-than-average HAPI rates, conducted a root cause analysis to determine contributing factors and identify potential solutions. Dedicated nursing staff were hired and trained, and an electronic health record form was developed to document and track HAPI. A root cause analysis was completed for each HAPI to identify trends and implement improvements.

Psychological safety and willingness to speak up about safety concerns are cornerstone to safety culture. Using four clinical vignettes that described the same case in the Emergency Department but differed with respect to whether a nurse spoke up with treatment-related concerns or remained silent, researchers examined healthcare team members’ perspectives of psychological safety and discussed the importance of organizational and team leadership that encourages and supports speaking up behaviors.

Insufficient or incorrect transfer of patient information, whether caused by human or organizational factors, can result in adverse events during transitions of care. This study used four years of incident reports to identify the types, causes, and consequences of health information exchange- (HIE) related patient safety incidents in emergency care, (ED) emergency medical services (EMS), or home care. The two main kinds of HIE-related incidents were (1) inadequate documentation and inadequate use of information (e.g., deficiencies in content), and (2) causes related to the health professional or organization; consequences were adverse events or additional actions to prevent, avoid, and correct adverse events.

Resiliency and proactive safety behaviors can improve safety in the perioperative environment. In this article, the authors describe safety attitudes of perioperative staff after participating in a proactive activity, One Safe Act (OSA). Most participants reported the OSA activity would change their work practices, improve their work unit's ability to deliver safe care, and demonstrate their colleagues' commitment to patient safety.

Institutional error and near-miss reporting helps identify systemic weaknesses and areas for improvement. COVID-19 presented a unique environment to study error reporting during organizationally stressful times. In this study, incident reports of medication errors or near misses during a COVID-19 surge were analyzed. Skill-based (e.g., forgetting to administer a dose) and communication errors were the most common medication safety events.

The Safety II framework and organizational resilience both focus on what goes right in healthcare and adjusting to disturbances through anticipation, monitoring, responding, and learning. This narrative review highlights recent research conducted within a Safety II and resilience framework such as Learning from Excellence and debriefing "what went right" after simulation training. The authors suggest learning from errors or what goes right should be reframed simply as learning.

Structural racism and implicit biases can affect clinical judgement and impede the delivery of effective mental health care. Based on a case of an adolescent Black girl navigating through the pediatric behavioral health system, this article discusses how structural racism and health disparities in behavioral health care contributed to misdiagnosis and poor care. The authors outline several actions at the structural, institutional, and interpersonal levels to address racism’s impact on pediatric mental and behavioral healthcare.