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This piece explores various practical and philosophical issues that could shape the adoption of machine learning and artificial intelligence systems in medicine.

Dr. Saria is the John C. Malone Assistant Professor of computer science, statistics, and health policy at Johns Hopkins University. Her research focuses on developing next generation diagnostic, surveillance, and treatment planning tools to reduce adverse events and individualize health care for complex diseases. We spoke with her about artificial intelligence in health care.

Dr. Nundy is the Director of the Human Diagnosis Project, a nonprofit organization taking a unique crowdsourcing approach to improving medical diagnosis. He also practices primary care at a federally qualified health center for low-income and uninsured individuals in Washington, DC. We spoke with him about his work with the Human Diagnosis Project.

Dr. Schiff is Associate Director of Brigham and Women's Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and Quality and Safety Director for the Harvard Medical School Center for Primary Care. He was an invited expert and reviewer for the Improving Diagnosis in Health Care report of the National Academy of Medicine. We spoke with him about understanding and preventing diagnostic errors.

This piece highlights how point-of-care ultrasound can improve and expedite diagnosis and advocates for having an individual responsible for overseeing point-of-care ultrasound use within a health care delivery organization.

Dr. Hoppmann is the Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, Professor of Medicine, and Director of the Ultrasound Institute of the University of South Carolina School of Medicine. He founded and served as the first President of the Society of Ultrasound in Medical Education. We talked to him about safety and usability of point-of-care ultrasound.

Patient engagement is widely acknowledged as a cornerstone of patient safety. Research in 2018 demonstrates that patient engagement, when done correctly, can help health care systems identify safety hazards, regain trust after they occur, and codesign sustainable solutions.

In this piece, a pharmacist highlights the importance of earning patient safety certification.

Dr. Sarkar is an associate professor of medicine at UCSF whose research has focused on ambulatory patient safety, including missed and delayed diagnosis, adverse drug events, and monitoring failures for outpatients with chronic diseases. We spoke with her about patient safety in the ambulatory setting.

Dr. Singh has conducted extensive multidisciplinary research supported by the VA, AHRQ, and NIH and is now a nationally recognized expert in electronic health record–related patient safety issues and diagnostic errors. We spoke with him about becoming a patient safety researcher.

Beverley Johnson is President and Chief Executive Officer of the Institute for Patient- and Family-Centered Care.

A leading expert in geriatrics research and innovation, Dr. Inouye developed and validated a widely used tool, the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), to identify delirium.

This piece details the benefits of an evidenced-based approach to physical examination and diagnosis.

A passionate advocate for the importance of the physical exam, Dr. Verghese is a Professor at Stanford University School of Medicine and a bestselling author.

In 1990, a Harvard-based research team reported the incidence of medical errors in the state of New York, based on the hospital discharge analysis of 30,121 cases.

Pat Croskerry, MD, PhD, is a professor in emergency medicine at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Trained as an experimental psychologist, Dr. Croskerry went on to become an emergency medicine physician, and found himself surprised by the relatively scant amount of attention given to cognitive errors. He has gone on to become one of the world's foremost experts in safety in emergency medicine and in diagnostic errors. We spoke to him about both.

Most patient interactions with the health care system occur in the outpatient setting. Many potential and actual safety problems occur there as well.(1) Yet patient safety literature and practice do not seem to have reached deeply into ambulatory care.

Interest is growing in the use of existing data sources to identify opportunities to improve the delivery and safety of medical care, to measure and compare quality and patient safety, and even to change provider incentives through pay for performance initiatives.

Joseph Britto, MD, is CEO and Co-founder of Isabel Healthcare Inc. Isabel, a clinical decision support system, was founded in 1999 by Britto and Jason and Charlotte Maude, whose daughter Isabel was harmed by a medical error. The company has been profiled in the Wall Street Journal, and the system has undergone several validation studies. We asked Dr. Britto to talk with us about eradicating diagnosis errors through diagnosis decision support systems.