All Content

Black and brown patients have experienced disproportionately poorer outcomes from COVID-19 infection as compared with white patients. This study found that patients who identified as Asian, Black, or Hispanic may not have received timely diagnosis or treatment due to inaccurately measured pulse oximetry (SpO2). These inaccuracies and discrepancies should be considered in COVID outcome research as well as other respiratory illnesses that rely on SpO2 measurement for treatment.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid transition of healthcare from in-person to remote and virtual care. This review assessed the safety and effectiveness of pulse oximetry in remote patient monitoring (RPM) of patients at home with COVID-19. Results show RPM was safe for patients in identifying risk of deterioration. However, it was not evident whether remote pulse oximetry was more effective than other virtual methods, such as virtual visits, monitoring consultations, or online or paper diaries.

In response to concerns about COVID-19 transmission, many ambulatory care visits have transitioned to telehealth visits. This commentary describes the impact of telehealth on diagnostic errors and medication safety in ambulatory settings. Recommendations to further understand the impact of telemedicine on patient safety include: systematically measuring patient safety outcomes and increasing reporting of safety incidents; identifying the patients and clinical scenarios with the greatest risk of unsafe telehealth care; identifying and supporting best practices to ensure equal access to safe telehealth.

Many COVID-19 patients present with atypical symptoms, such as delirium, smell and taste dysfunction, or cardiovascular features. Based on inpatient electronic health record data between March 1 and April 20 of 2020, this cohort study examined the frequency of atypical presentation of COVID-19 among older adults. Analyses suggest that atypical presentation was often characterized by functional decline or altered mental status.

The large burden placed on hospitals and healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about nosocomial transmission of the virus. This narrative review summarizes existing reports on nosocomial outbreaks of COVID-19 and the strategies health systems have implemented to control healthcare-associated outbreaks. The authors found little evidence describing the role of healthcare workers in reducing or amplifying infection transmission in healthcare settings.  

Effective communication between patients and providers has been linked to safer care. This cross-sectional analysis of data from the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) identified a positive correlation between overall hospital rating and both nurse and doctor communication measures, as well as measures of care transition.

Social distancing precautions due to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to increased use of telehealth. The authors of this systematic review conclude that there is insufficient evidence to determine whether remote prescribing in primary care changes antibiotic prescribing practices. Future research should further assess remote prescribing to ensure there are no negative impacts on antimicrobial stewardship.  

Patients with cancer and their providers face numerous challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. This survey of multidisciplinary providers treating patients with cancer identified several challenges to safe care provision, including lack of access to guidelines specifically addressing the management of older adults with cancer during the pandemic, delays in necessary treatment, and barriers to the use of telehealth.

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected the psychological and emotional well-being of health care workers. This article summarizes the COVID-19-related psychological effects on healthcare workers and the detrimental impact on team effectiveness. The authors recommended actions to mitigate the effects of stress on team performance and patient outcomes and discuss how teams can recover and learn from the current crisis to prepare for future challenges.

Patients with chronic health needs, including those with cancer, and their providers face numerous challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey results from 356 health care centers across 54 countries indicate that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care is widespread. Many centers reported challenges in delivering care, reduction in services, lack of personal protective equipment, staffing shortages, and limited access to medications. Respondents also reported potential patient harm due to interruptions in cancer-specific and non-cancer care.

Antimicrobial stewardship is one strategy to improve antibiotic use to reduce hospital-acquired infections. In this editorial, the authors discuss negative effects of COVID-19 on antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic stewardship in the emergency department (ED) and approaches for optimizing ED stewardship during the pandemic.  

This article discusses the tension between evidence generation from observational studies and rigorous randomized controlled trials to treat COVID-19 and important safety considerations, such as use of unproven therapies.

The opioid epidemic is an ongoing patient safety issue. This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 state emergency declaration on nonfatal, unintentional opioid-related overdoses. The authors identified a greater number of opioid overdoses occurring between March 1 to June 30, 2020 compared to March 1 to June 30, 2019, and that Black patients made up a larger proportion of the overdose visits compared with the previous year. These results highlight the potential impact of COVID-19 on racial/ethnic disparities.

This article discusses the threat that the “flexibilization” of science has played during the COVID-19 pandemic, defined as the loosening of methodological standards leading to low-quality studies, and resulting in unreliable data and anecdotal evidence.

This systematic review examined effectiveness of hospital- or system-wide interventions in reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The review identified several strategies for reducing HAIs, including enhanced environmental cleaning using disinfection technologies; EHR implementation; multimodal infection control programs; multichannel hand hygiene promotion; and hospital-wide cultural transformations. The review identifies approaches meriting additional research and exploration.

This cohort explored the mental health impacts of a universal COVID-19 testing program on asymptomatic pregnant women and labor and delivery health care workers. Among multiparous women who tested negative, nearly 35% reported that COVID-19 led to additional fear or anxiety postpartum compared with previous deliveries. Labor and delivery health care workers reported that COVID-19 decreased job satisfaction and increased job-related anxiety.

The authors of this article outline ten recommendations for safely reopening simulation facilities for clinical training in the post-lockdown phase of the COVID-19 crisis. The recommendations are based on national guidance and regulations, as well as international public health recommendations. Future reopening activities should focus on safety as well as flexibility principles, taking different contexts and facility characteristics into account.

This systematic review of 16 studies (7,706 patients) assessed the diagnostic accuracy of signs and symptoms to determine if a patient presenting to a primary care or hospital setting has COVID-19. The authors identified data on 27 different signs and symptoms, but the individual signs and symptoms appear to have very poor diagnostic accuracy. The authors conclude that based on currently available data, neither the absence nor presence of signs or symptoms are accurate enough to rule a COVID-19 diagnosis in or out.