Surgical fires are a rare yet potentially harmful event for both patients and care teams. The alert provides reduction guidance for organizations to mitigate conditions that enable surgical fires and suggests tactics to improve communication as a primary strategy for preventing this potentially catastrophic accident in operating rooms.

Human factors influence how humans and systems interact to make processes more reliable or more error-prone during both normal and unexpected circumstances. This guideline provides recommendations centered on elements of communication, the organization, the work environment, and training to guide the consideration of human factors in improvement actions during critical anesthesia or intensive care situations.

Fentanyl is a high-risk medication, whether prescribed by a health professional or obtained illicitly. This patient safety advisory encourages healthcare providers to educate their patients on the risks of counterfeit fentanyl.

Efforts to embed patient safety content into defined post-graduate medical curriculum face challenges due to time, culture, and program resource demands. This statement provides detailed safety and quality content recommendations for maternal-fetal medicine fellows that focus on topics such as safety culture, event reporting, and disparities.

The reduction of cognitive bias is generating increased interest as a diagnostic error reduction strategy. This statement introduces the concept of cognitive bias and discusses methods to manage the presence of bias in obstetrics such as debiasing training and teamwork.

Children with complex home care needs are vulnerable to medication errors. This guideline suggests strategies to enhance medication safety at home that include focusing on health literacy, prescriber actions, dosing tool appropriateness, communication, and training of caregivers. 

Opioid misuse is an urgent patient safety issue, including postsurgical opioid misuse among pediatric patients. Based on the systematic review, a multidisciplinary group of health care and opioid stewardship experts proposes evidence-based opioid prescribing guidelines for children who need surgery. Endorsed guideline statements highlight three primary themes for perioperative pain management in children: (1) health care professionals must recognize the risks of pediatric opioid misuse, (2) use non-opioid pain relief, and (3) pre- and post-operative education for patients and families regarding pain management and safe opioid use.

Obstetrics is a high-risk practice that concurrently manages the safety of mothers and newborns. This commentary describes the importance of standardization, checklist use, auditing and feedback, peer coaching, and interdisciplinary communication as strategies to reduce risks. The discussion spotlights the need for national guidelines and definitions to reduce variation in auditing and training activities and calls for heightened engagement of health care professionals to improve the safety and quality of obstetric care in Canada. An Annual Perspective reviewed work on improving maternal safety.

The practice of live surgical procedures for educational purposes presents safety concerns for patients. This policy statement details organizational requirements and provides a checklist to help ensure that these events are conducted safely.

Sentinel event alerts are issued periodically by The Joint Commission to identify common or emerging patient safety problems and provide organizations with approaches for addressing these issues. A retained foreign object (RFO)—surgical materials or equipment unintentionally left in a patient's body after completing the operation—is a never event that can have serious clinical consequences. Despite being long recognized as a critical—and preventable—error, RFOs continue to occur, with nearly 800 cases being reported to The Joint Commission between 2005 and 2012. This alert makes several recommendations to help prevent RFOs, including focusing on enhancing the reliability of the traditional manual count of instruments and materials used during a procedure, improving safety culture in the operating room through interventions (e.g., teamwork training), and investigating technological approaches (e.g., bar coding of surgical sponges) to ease identification of potentially missing objects before patients are harmed.

This policy statement provides context regarding medical errors in pediatric emergency care and offers recommendations to support patient safety improvements in this setting.