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The PSNet Collection: All Content

The AHRQ PSNet Collection comprises an extensive selection of resources relevant to the patient safety community. These resources come in a variety of formats, including literature, research, tools, and Web sites. Resources are identified using the National Library of Medicine’s Medline database, various news and content aggregators, and the expertise of the AHRQ PSNet editorial and technical teams.

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Displaying 1 - 20 of 1745 Results
WebM&M Case March 15, 2023

A 72-year-old man was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and ileus, and admitted to a specialized COVID care unit. A nasogastric tube (NGT) was placed, supplemental oxygen was provided, and oral feedings were withheld. Early in his hospital stay, the patient developed hyperactive delirium and pulled out his NGT. Haloperidol was ordered for use as needed (“prn”) and the nurse was asked to replace the NGT and confirm placement by X-ray. The bedside and charge nurses had difficulty placing the NGT and the X-ray confirmation was not done.

WebM&M Case March 15, 2023

A 71-year-old man presented to his physician with rectal bleeding and pain, which was attributed to radiation proctitis following therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. He subsequently developed a potentially life-threatening complication of sepsis while awaiting follow up care for a spontaneous rectal perforation. The commentary addresses the importance of early identification and timely intervention in the event of treatment failure and the post-discharge follow-up programs to improve care coordination and communication during transitions of care.

Solares NP, Calero P, Connelly CD. J Nurs Care Qual. 2023;38:100-106.
Falls in inpatient healthcare settings are a common patient safety event. This study including 201 older inpatient adults evaluated the relationship between the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk score and patient perceptions of fall risk. Researchers found that the greater the patient’s confidence in their ability to perform a high fall-risk behavior, the lower the fall-risk score.
Gross TK, Lane NE, Timm NL, et al. Pediatrics. 2023;151:e2022060971-e2022060972.
Emergency room crowding is a persistent factor that degrades safety for patients of all ages. This collection provides background, best practices, and recommendations to reduce emergency department crowding and its negative impact on pediatric care. The publications examine factors that influence crowding and improvement at the input, departmental, and hospital/outpatient stages of emergency care.
Thomas M, Swait G, Finch R. Chiropr Man Therap. 2023;31:9.
Patient safety incident reporting is an important tool for characterizing events and identifying opportunities for patient safety improvements. This longitudinal study describes chiropractic safety incidents reported to an online reporting and learning system used in the UK, Canada, and Australia. One-quarter of incidents related to post-treatment distress or pain. Documented areas for learning and safety improvement included reducing patient falls, improving continuity of care, and improving recognition of serious pathology requiring escalation to other care providers.
Schrimpff C, Link E, Fisse T, et al. Patient Educ Couns. 2023;110:107675.
Trust between patients and providers is essential to safe, effective healthcare. This survey of German patients undergoing implant surgeries (e.g., hip and knee replacements, dental implants, cochlear implants) found that adverse events negatively impact patient trust in their physicians, but effective patient-provider communication can mitigate the impacts.

Plymouth Meeting, PA: ECRI; March 2023.

The global COVID-19 pandemic continues to exacerbate weaknesses in care that can contribute to harm. ECRI presents the top ten patient concerns for 2023, including pediatric mental health care, workplace violence, care coordination, and patient medication list mistakes.  
Curated Libraries
March 8, 2023
Value as an element of patient safety is emerging as an approach to prioritize and evaluate improvement actions. This library highlights resources that explore the business case for cost effective, efficient and impactful efforts to reduce medical errors.
Holland R, Bond CM, Alldred DP, et al. BMJ. 2023;380:e071883.
Careful medication management in long-term care residents is associated with improved hospital readmission rates and reduced fall rates. In the UK, pharmacist independent prescribers (PIP) can initiate, change, or monitor medications, and this cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of PIPs on fall rates. After six months of PIP involvement, fall rates (the primary outcome) were not statistically different than the usual care group, although drug burden was reduced.
Hüner B, Derksen C, Schmiedhofer M, et al. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23:55.
Safe obstetrical care can be compromised by a variety of controllable risk factors, such as communication between providers. To reduce preventable adverse events, interprofessional obstetric teams (physicians and midwives) in one hospital received training on the importance of team communication. Compared to the year before the training, there was a significantly significant reduction in diagnostic errors and inadequate birth position, but not in other categories.
Hyman DA, Lerner J, Magid DJ, et al. JAMA Health Forum. 2023;4:e225436.
Prior research has shown that physicians with more than three paid medical malpractice claims are at increased risk of another claim in the next two years. This study assessed the risk of additional claims after just one paid malpractice claim, whether public disclosure of claims increased the risk, and whether the risk changes over time. The authors also compare actual claims rates to simulated rates if malpractice claims were “random” events unrelated to prior claims.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022-2023.

Health care–associated infections (HAIs) affect patients both during and after hospitalization. The use of patient safety methods as well as traditional infection control practices has resulted in significant successes in curbing HAIs such as central-line bloodstream infections. This set of practice guidelines will be developed and disseminated over the course of 2022-2023 to summarize preemptive actions and implementation strategies for prevention of HAIs.

Kennedy-Moulton K, Miller S, Persson P, et al. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research; 2022. NBER Working Paper No. 30693.

Unequal maternal care access and safety are known problems in communities of color. This report examines the alignment of economic stability with maternal and infant care quality and found parental income secondary to race and ethnicity as a damaging influence on care outcomes.
Jeffers NK, Berger BO, Marea CX, et al. Soc Sci Med. 2023;317:115622.
Structural racism contributes to high rates of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) experienced by Black patients. This study investigated specific measures of structural racism (incarceration inequality and racialized economic segregation) on Black SMM. In this sample of births from 2008-2011, racialized economic segregation was associated with SMM for black patients; however, incarceration inequality was not.

Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. April 2022 – October 2023.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are a persistent challenge in hospitals. This project will support the implementation of targeted hospital-acquired infection prevention initiatives building on the Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) concept. The cohort that is focused on long-term care is currently recruiting participants. 
Farzandipour M, Nabovati E, Sharif R. J Telemed Telecare. 2023;Epub Jan 23.
Remote triage allows patients to receive guidance about whether to seek care and, if required, what level of care. This review of remote triage focuses exclusively on tele-triage studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The studies reported on five broad outcome categories (access to care, triage rates, patient safety, post-triage clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction) with highly positive outcomes.
Fridman M, Korst LM, Reynen DJ, et al. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2023;49:129-137.
Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is an international public health concern and the focus of hospital quality improvement activities. This article describes the development of a performance SMM (pSMM) that can be used to quantify potentially preventable, hospital-acquired SMM. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SMM measure was adapted and results are stratified by hospital type.
St Clair B, Jorgensen M, Nguyen A, et al. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2022;Epub Dec 20.
Older adults in long-term care settings can be vulnerable to patient safety incidents. This scoping review of 46 articles identified several gaps in the research on adverse events in long-term care and nursing home settings, including the absence of resident perspectives regarding safety and the role of interpersonal and environmental factors on the incidence of adverse events.
Seidelman JL, Mantyh CR, Anderson DJ. JAMA. 2023;329:244-252.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant cause of preventable post-operative morbidity and mortality. This narrative review summarizes modifiable and nonmodifiable patient-related factors. It also evaluates modifiable operation-related factors associated with surgical site infections, and highlights six pre-, intra-, and postoperative strategies to reduce surgical site infections, including use of the WHO surgical safety checklist.

Goldstein J. New York Times. January 23, 2023.

Active errors are evident when they occur, yet systemic weaknesses, if not addressed, allow them to repeat. This story examines poor epidural methods of one clinician that coincided with lack of organizational practitioner monitoring, unequitable maternal care for black women and clinician COVID fatigue to contribute to patient death.