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The PSNet Collection: All Content

The AHRQ PSNet Collection comprises an extensive selection of resources relevant to the patient safety community. These resources come in a variety of formats, including literature, research, tools, and Web sites. Resources are identified using the National Library of Medicine’s Medline database, various news and content aggregators, and the expertise of the AHRQ PSNet editorial and technical teams.

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Displaying 1 - 20 of 678 Results

Washington DC; VA Office of the Inspector General; October 31, 2023; Report no. 22-03599-07.

Disclosure failures detract from learning, appropriate incident examination, and safe care delivery. This report examined factors contributing to poor disclosure practices associated with the care of three patients. Lack of report submission, uninitiated root cause analysis, and inadequate documentation were process weaknesses highlighted by the review. 
Lång K, Josefsson V, Larsson A-M, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2023;24:936-944.
Retrospective studies have shown artificial intelligence (AI) to be at least as accurate as radiologists in detecting breast cancer in screening mammograms. This prospective randomized trial similarly demonstrated that AI readings were as accurate as double readings by radiologists, but with a significantly reduced workload.
Liu Y, Jun H, Becker A, et al. J Prev Alz Dis. 2023;Epub Oct 24.
Persons with dementia are at increased risk for adverse events compared to those without dementia, highlighting the importance of a timely diagnosis. In this study, researchers estimate approximately 20% of primary care patients aged 65 and older are expected to have a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia; however, only 8% have received such a diagnosis. Missed diagnosis prevents patients from receiving appropriate care, including newly FDA-approved medications to slow cognitive decline.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2023. ISBN: 9780309711937.

Maternal health care is rapidly emerging as a high-risk service that is vulnerable to communication, equity, and diagnostic challenges. This report examines the role of disparities in care across the maternal care continuum and strategies to drive diagnostic improvement such as care bundles, midwives, and health information technology. This publication is from a series of programs and resultant publications on improving diagnostic excellence.
Mohamed I, Hom GL, Jiang S, et al. Acad Radiol. 2023;Epub Sep 22.
Psychological safety is an important principle in identifying problems and improving patient outcomes. This narrative review highlights five best practices to foster psychological safety in radiology residencies – (1) establish clear goals and educational strategies, (2) build a formal mentoring program, (3) assess psychological safety, (4) advocate for radiologists as educators, and (5) support non-radiology staff. Although the review focuses on radiology residency programs, these strategies can be adapted to any residency program.

Maxwell A. Washington DC: Office of Inspector General; September 2023. Report no. OEI-05-22-00290.

Falls are a persistent threat to patient safety and effective reporting of this adverse event can assist in understanding important gaps in care. This report examines the incidence of Medicare home health patients experiencing falls with major injury resulting in hospitalization that were not reported as required. 55% of falls were not documented thusly negatively impacting the viability of Care Compare as a reliable public resource for this information.

Twenter P. Becker's Clinical Leadership. October 30, 2023.

Health care has long held commercial aviation as a beacon to guide patient safety improvement work. This article examines how well aviation safety  mechanisms map to medical care safety efforts such as checklists, just culture and operating room black boxes.

Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: November 2023.

Patient safety progress is dynamic, consistently producing evidence for application to generate improvements. This report is the fourth in a series funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to track a prioritized set of emerging and existing safety approaches to confirm their value and effectiveness. This report will be compiled as new conclusions are formulated. Each review will be posted to the collection as they are completed. The first three Making Healthcare Safer reports, published in 2001, 2013, and 2020, have each served as a consolidated evidence source for clinicians, health system leadership, researchers, and government agencies. Chapter protocols and the results of an examination on patient and family engagement and report cards as a surgical improvement mechanism are now available. 
Kalenderian E, Bangar S, Yansane A, et al. J Patient Saf. 2023;19:305-312.
Understanding factors that contribute to adverse events (AE) is key to preventing them from recurring. This study used an electronic trigger tool to identify potential AE in two dental practices. Of 439 charts reviewed, 13% contained at least one AE. The most common AE was post-procedural pain; the expert panel reported 21% of those AEs were preventable. Person-related factors (e.g., supervision, fatigue) were the most common contributing factors.
Ali KJ, Goeschel CA, DeLia DM, et al. Diagnosis (Berl). 2023;Epub Oct 5.
To improve patient safety, payers such as the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid have implemented policies that limit reimbursement for certain healthcare-associated harms. This commentary introduces the “Payer Relationships for Improving Diagnoses (PRIDx)” framework describing how payers may implement similar policies to reduce diagnostic errors.
Lamoureux C, Hanna TN, Callaway E, et al. Emerg Radiol. 2023;30:577-587.
Clinician skills can decrease with age. This retrospective analysis of 1.9 million preliminary interpretations of radiology imaging findings examined the relationship between radiologist age and diagnostic errors. While the overall mean error rate for all radiologists was low (0.5%), increasing age was associated with increased relative risk of diagnostic errors.
Bauer ME, Albright C, Prabhu M, et al. Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:481-492.
Reducing maternal morbidity and mortality is a critical patient safety priority. Developed by the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health (AIM), this patient safety bundle provides guidance for healthcare teams to improve the prevention, recognition, and treatment of infections and sepsis among pregnant and postpartum patients.

Marsch A, Khodosh R, Porter M, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;89(4):641-54; 57-67.

Patient safety in dermatology has received increasing attention over the past ten years. Part 1 of this series provides examples of patient safety concerns in dermatology (e.g., medication errors, teledermatology) and how key patient safety concepts such as safety culture and root cause analysis can be applied in dermatology settings. Part 2 of this series applies three quality improvement frameworks (LEAN, Six Sigma, and IHI-QI) can be used to improve the quality and safety of dermatology practice.
Harrison J. Br Paramed J. 2023;8:18-28.
Patients with dark skin tones are not well represented in health education, particularly dermatology, which can result in delayed diagnosis. In this scoping review, thirteen articles were identified assessing the confidence of students and healthcare providers in assessing patients with dark skin tones.  Overall, confidence was low but tailored training somewhat improved confidence. The author asserts more research and education is needed outside dermatology, for example, when assessments use terms such as pale, redness, or blue.
St Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Health.
The National Quality Forum has defined 29 never events—patient safety problems that should never occur, such as wrong-site surgery. Since 2003, Minnesota hospitals have been required to report such incidents. The 2022 report summarizes information about 572 adverse events that were reported, representing a significant increase in the year covered. Earlier reports prior to the last two years reflect a fairly consistent count of adverse events. The rise documented here is likely due to demands on staffing and care processes associated with COVID-19 and general increases in patient complexity and subsequent length of stay. Pressure ulcers and fall-related injuries were the most common incidents recorded. Reports from previous years are available.

Amin D, Cosby K. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; September 2023. Publication No. 23-0040-6-EF.

Psychological safety to report errors stems from a robust safety culture. This issue brief examines how these two concepts intersect to enhance the self-reporting of diagnostic errors to facilitate organizational learning from mistakes.
Georgiou A, Li J, Thomas J, et al. Public Health Res Pract. 2023;33:e3332324.
Several systemic factors may hinder communication of test results to patients and clinicians. This article describes a research project in Australia, "Delivering safe and effective test result communication, management and follow-up." Along with previously identified test result communication challenges such as workflow and technology, this paper highlights the need for national thresholds for critical laboratory results.
Atallah F, Gomes C, Minkoff H. Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:727-732.
Researchers describe two types of decision making in medicine - fast (intuitive) and slow (analytical). While both types are subject to bias, this paper describes how cognitive biases in fast thinking, such as anchoring or framing, as well as racial or moral bias, can result in obstetrical misdiagnosis. Ten steps to mitigate these cognitive biases are laid out.