The Institute for Healthcare Improvement's 100,000 Lives Campaign successfully engaged more than 3,000 US hospitals in a coordinated effort to reduce preventable inpatient deaths by delivering evidence-based care and preventing adverse events. Building on this effort, the 5 Million Lives Campaign aims to prevent 5 million incidents of medical harm (defined as "unintended injury due to medical care") in the next 2 years through the adoption of 12 patient safety interventions. Although the accomplishments of the 100,000 Lives Campaign are somewhat controversial, the current campaign includes the 6 interventions from 100,000 Lives and 6 additional interventions targeting major patient safety issues such as adverse drug events, health care-associated infections, and the culture of safety.