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Search results for "Cognitive Errors ("Mistakes")"

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Cases & Commentaries

Cognitive Overload in the ICU

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Vimla L. Patel, PhD, and Timothy G. Buchman, PhD, MD; July/August 2016

Admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to severe pancreatitis, an older woman had a central line placed. Despite maximal treatment, the patient experienced a cardiac arrest and was resuscitated. The intensivist was also actively managing numerous other ICU patients and lacked time to consider why the patient's condition had worsened.

Cases & Commentaries

Consequences of Medical Overuse

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Daniel J. Morgan, MD, MS, and Andrew Foy, MD; March 2017

Brought to the emergency department from a nursing facility with confusion and generalized weakness, an older woman was found to have an elevated troponin level but no evidence of ischemia on her ECG. A consulting cardiologist recommended treating the patient with three anticoagulants. The next evening, she became acutely confused and a CT scan revealed a large intraparenchymal hemorrhage with a midline shift.

Cases & Commentaries

Correct Treatment Plan for Incorrect Diagnosis: A Pharmacist Intervention

  • Web M&M

Scott D. Nelson, PharmD, MS; March 2017

Although meningitis and neurosyphilis were ruled out for a woman presenting with a headache and blurry vision, blood tests returned indicating latent (inactive) syphilis. Due to a history of penicillin allergy, the patient was sent for testing for penicillin sensitivity, which was negative. The allergist placed orders for neurosyphilis treatment—a far higher penicillin dose than needed to treat latent syphilis, and a treatment regimen that would have required hospitalization. Upon review, the pharmacist saw that neurosyphilis had been ruled out, contacted the allergist, and the treatment plan was corrected.

Cases & Commentaries

Diagnosing a Missed Diagnosis

  • Web M&M

James B. Reilly, MD, MS, and Christopher Webster, DO; March 2017

A woman taking modified-release lithium for bipolar disorder was admitted with cough, slurred speech, confusion, and disorientation. Diagnosed with delirium attributed to hypercalcemia, she was treated with aggressive hydration. She remained disoriented and eventually became comatose. After transfer to the ICU, she was diagnosed with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus due to lithium toxicity.

Cases & Commentaries

A Pill Organizing Plight

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Brittany McGalliard, PharmD; Rita Shane, PharmD; and Sonja Rosen, MD; September 2016

An elderly woman with multiple medical conditions experienced new onset dizziness and lightheadedness. A home visit revealed numerous problems with her medications, with discontinued medications remaining in her pillbox and a new prescription that was missing. In addition, on some days she was taking up to five blood pressure pills, when she was supposed to be taking only two.

Cases & Commentaries

Wrong-Time Error With High-Alert Medication

  • Web M&M

Annie Yang, PharmD, and Lewis Nelson, MD; September 2016

Admitted for knee surgery, a man was given his medications at 10 PM, including oral dofetilide (an antiarrhythmic agent with a strict 12-hour dosing interval). In the electronic health record, "q12 hour" drugs are scheduled for 6 AM and 6 PM by default. Because the patient was scheduled to leave for the operating room before 6 AM, the nurse gave the dose at 4 AM. Preoperative ECG revealed he had severe QTc prolongation (putting him at risk for a fatal arrhythmia), and surgery was canceled.

Cases & Commentaries

Falling Through the Crack (in the Bedrails)

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Patricia C. Dykes, PhD, RN; Wai Yin Leung, MS; and Vincent Vacca, RN, MSN; May 2016

Multiple alarms went off in an ICU room after an intern and resident performed paracentesis on an older patient. Nurses found the patient confused and trying to get out of bed. She had pulled out her nasogastric and endotracheal tubes, her leg was stuck in the bedrails, and she had a large cut on her foot.

Cases & Commentaries

The Fluidity of Diagnostic "Wet Reads"

  • Web M&M

Cindy S. Lee, MD, and Christopher P. Hess, MD, PhD; May 2016

An older man with a history of heavy smoking and chest pain underwent a chest CT in the emergency department that showed no evidence of an aortic dissection on the preliminary read. Although the patient followed up soon thereafter with a new primary care physician, it was not discovered until several months later that a suspicious lung nodule had been spotted on the initial CT.

Cases & Commentaries

Dropping to New Lows

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Patricia Juang, MD, and Kristen Kulasa, MD; April 2016

While hospitalized, a man with diabetes had difficult-to-control blood sugars, with multiple episodes of both critical hypoglycemia and serious hyperglycemia. Because "holds" of the patient's insulin were not clearly documented in the electronic health record and blood sugar readings were not uploaded in real time, providers were unaware of how much insulin had actually been given.

Cases & Commentaries

Situational Awareness and Patient Safety

  • Web M&M

Jeanne M. Farnan, MD, MHPE; April 2016

A man with a pulmonary embolus was ordered argatroban for anticoagulation. The next day, an intern noticed that the patient in the next room, a woman with a GI bleed, had argatroban hanging on her IV pole, but the label showed the name of the man with the pulmonary embolus. The nurse was notified, the medication was stopped, and the error was disclosed to the patient.

Cases & Commentaries

Inadvertent Use of More Potent Acid Leads to Burn

  • Web M&M

Howard I. Maibach, MD; January 2016

An attending physician recommended using acetic acid to evaluate a lesion on the perineum of a woman who had previously experienced a wart in the same area. The resident physician asked the medical assistant for acetic acid and unknowingly received trichloroacetic acid, which burned the patient's skin.

Cases & Commentaries

New Patient Mistakenly Checked in as Another

  • Web M&M

Robert A. Green, MD, MPH, and Jason Adelman, MD, MS; January 2016

Presenting to his new primary physician's office for his first visit, a man was checked in under the record of an existing patient with the exact same name and age. The mistake wasn't noticed until the established patient received the new patient's test results by email.

Cases & Commentaries

An Obstructed View

  • Web M&M

Jonathan Carter, MD; October 2015

A patient with severe abdominal pain was admitted to the medicine service for observation, pain control, and serial abdominal examinations. Surgical consultation was not requested at admission. Two days later, the patient's abdomen worsened. Consultation led to urgent surgery, which revealed a strangulating bowel obstruction and associated perforation.

Cases & Commentaries

Abdominal Pain in Early Pregnancy

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Charlie C. Kilpatrick, MD; September 2015

After several days of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, a pregnant woman visited the emergency department and was swiftly discharged with antibiotics for a UTI. However, she returned the next day with unchanged abdominal pain and more nausea and vomiting. Apart from a focused ultrasound to document her pregnancy, no further testing was done. The patient again returned the following day with increased pain and now appeared more ill. An MRI revealed a ruptured appendix.

Cases & Commentaries

Anchoring Bias With Critical Implications

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Edward Etchells, MD, MSc; June 2015

After multiple visits to both his primary care provider and urgent care for chronic burning left foot pain attributed to peripheral neuropathy, a man presented to the emergency department with worsening symptoms. His left lower leg was dusky and extremely tender, with non-palpable pulses. CT angiography revealed complete blockage of the left superficial femoral artery due to atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease. The patient required emergent vascular bypass surgery on his left leg, and ultimately, an above-the-knee amputation.

Cases & Commentaries

Unseen Perils of Urinary Catheters

  • Web M&M

Diane K. Newman, DNP, MSN; Robyn Strauss, MSN; Liza Abraham, CRNP; and Bridget Major-Joynes, MSN, RN; June 2015

A hospitalized older man with a complicated medical history had not voided in several hours. The patient voided just prior to catheter insertion, which produced no urine, and the nurse assumed that meant the patient's bladder was empty. Two hours later the patient complained of discomfort and a blood clot was found in his tubing. Continuous bladder irrigation was ordered, but the pain became worse. Urgent consultation by urology revealed that the urinary catheter was not in the bladder.

Cases & Commentaries

Departure From Central Line Ritual

  • Web M&M

Dustin W. Ballard, MD, MBE; David R. Vinson, MD; and Dustin G. Mark, MD; May 2015

A man with a history of poorly controlled diabetes and pancreatic insufficiency was found unresponsive. Paramedics transported him to the emergency department, where a resident placed a right internal jugular line for access but was unable to confirm placement. The resident pulled the line, opened a second line insertion kit, started over, and confirmed placement with ultrasound. The patient went into cardiac arrest, and a chest radiograph noted a retained guidewire in the pulmonary artery.

Cases & Commentaries

Dissecting the Presentation

  • Spotlight Case
  • CME/CEU
  • Web M&M

Shirley Beng Suat Ooi, MBBS (S'pore); April 2015

A woman admitted to the hospital with a presumed transient ischemic attack and possible gastrointestinal bleeding was found unconscious and in cardiac arrest on hospital day 2. Despite maximal resuscitation efforts, the patient died. Autopsy revealed that the cause of death was an acute aortic dissection.

Cases & Commentaries

Liver Biopsy: Proceed With Caution

  • Web M&M

Don C. Rockey, MD; July-August 2014

Presenting with jaundice and epigastric pain, a woman with a history of multiple malignancies was admitted directly for an ultrasound-guided liver biopsy. After the procedure, the patient had low blood pressure and complained of new abdominal pain, which worsened over the next 2 hours. The bedside nurse soon found the patient unresponsive.

Cases & Commentaries

Pitfalls in Diagnosing Necrotizing Fasciitis

  • Spotlight Case
  • Web M&M

Terence Goh, MBBS, and Lee Gan Goh, MBBS; July-August 2014

Admitted with bruising from a fall and persistent pain on his left side, a patient was kept in the emergency department overnight due to crowding. After being reevaluated by the surgical service the next day, the patient was urgently taken to the operating room for probable necrotizing fasciitis and pyomysitis.

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