Emergency intubation of children outside of the operating room.

Long E, Barrett MJ, Peters C, et al. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2020;30.

Intubation occurring outside the operating room (OR) is rare but associated with life-threatening adverse events. This review provides an overview of situational, physiological and anatomical contributors to intubation of children outside of ORs; situational challenges – such as human factors or unfamiliar equipment – are most common. Potential solutions to reduce intubation-related adverse events and improve patient safety are discussed, such as systems‐based changes, including a shared mental model, standardization in equipment and its location, checklist use, multi‐disciplinary team engagement and training in the technical and nontechnical aspects of non‐operating room intubation, debrief post–real and simulated events, and regular audit of performance.

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