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A Femoral Sheath Fatality

• Spotlight Case
• CE/MOC

Hildy Schell-Chaple, RN, PhD, September 2019

After undergoing a scheduled percutaneous coronary intervention, a man with a femoral sheath still in place was admitted to the medical ward, where several beds had recently been converted to cardiac telemetry beds. Having limited experience with femoral sheaths, the nurse removed it but was unable to assess the patient every 15 minutes as required due to becoming busy with another patient. One hour later, the patient was unresponsive, a code was called, and he was transferred to the intensive care unit where he died several hours later.

Getting the Diagnosis Both Right and Wrong

Andrew P. Olson, MD, September 2019

A woman with acute myeloid leukemia presented to the emergency department (ED) with shortness of breath after receiving chemotherapy. As laboratory test results showed acute kidney injury and suggested tumor lysis syndrome, the patient was started on emergent hemodialysis. She experienced worsening dyspnea and was emergently intubated and transferred to the intensive care unit. There, her blood pressure began to drop, and she died despite aggressive measures. During the code, the laboratory called with positive blood culture results; although blood cultures and broad-spectrum antibiotics had been ordered while the patient was in the ED, the antibiotics were not administered until several hours later. Due to the urgent focus on the patient's oncologic emergency, the diagnosis of sepsis was missed.

Think Like a Surgeon

Zara Cooper, MD, MSc, September 2019

A man with a history of T6 paraplegia came to the emergency department with delirium, hypotension, and fever. Laboratory results revealed a high white blood cell count and mild elevation of bilirubin and liver enzymes. A stat abdominal CT showed a mildly thickened gallbladder. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a provisional diagnosis of septic shock and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and intravenous fluids. He was transferred to the medical ward on hospital day 2, where the receiving hospitalist realized the diagnosis was still unclear. A second CT scan showed a 6 cm abscess near the liver, likely arising from a perforated gallbladder. The patient underwent an urgent open cholecystectomy and drainage of the abscess.