Improving anesthesiologists' ability to speak up in the operating room: a randomized controlled experiment of a simulation-based intervention and a qualitative analysis of hurdles and enablers.
Raemer DB, Kolbe M, Minehart RD, et al. Improving Anesthesiologists’ Ability to Speak Up in the Operating Room. Acad Med. 2015;91(4):530-539. doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001033.
Speaking up about patient safety concerns remains challenging for health care professionals. This simulation study in the surgical setting found that a workshop on speaking up did not result in more speaking-up behavior, suggesting that changing safety culture requires more intensive interventions.