Healthcare professionals experience of psychological safety, voice, and silence.
Organizational cultures that encourage psychological safety can increase safe healthcare practices. Thirty-four healthcare professionals were interviewed about their experiences with psychological safety and speaking up behaviors. Researchers identified four themes influencing psychological safety and individual- and team-level inhibiting and motivating dynamics, including interpersonal, leadership, and hierarchy dynamics. Several intervention components to encourage psychological safety are reviewed, including inclusive behaviors, discrimination training, shared mental models, and conflict resolution.